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CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS | Assess
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Lines and Angles | Study
Mind Map Overal Idea Content Speed Notes Quick Coverage Point: Point is an exact position in space with no dimensions, represented by a dot. Ray: Ray is a part of a line that starts at an endpoint and extends infinitely away from the end point in single direction. Line or Straight line: A line or readmore
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Point: Point is an exact position in space with no dimensions, represented by a dot.
Ray: Ray is a part of a line that starts at an endpoint and extends infinitely away from the end point in single direction.
Line or Straight line: A line or straight line is perfectly straight and extends forever in both direction.
Line segment: A line segment is the part of a line between two points. (Scroll down till end of the page)
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Intersecting lines: Two or more lines that have one and only one point in common.
Point of intersection: Point of intersection is a common point at which the intersecting lines meet.
Transversal: Transversal is a line that intersects two or more lines which lie in the same plane at distinct points.
Parallel lines: Parallel lines are the lines on a plane which never meet. They are at a distance apart.
Complementary Angles: Complementary angles are the angles whose total is equal to 90o .
Supplementary Angles: Suplementary angles are the angles whose total is equal to 180o
Adjacent Angles: Adjacent Angles are the angles which have a common vertex and a common interior points.
Linear Pair of Angles: Linear pair of angles is a pair of adjacent angles whose non-common sides are opposite rays.
Vertically Opposite Angles: Vertically opposite angles are the angles formed by two intersecting lines which have the have common arms.
Angles made by Transversal:
When two lines are intersecting by a transversal, eight angles are formed.
Transversal of Parallel Lines: If two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, each pair of:
- Corresponding angles are congruent.
- Alternateinterior angles are congruent.
- Alternate exterior angles are congruent.
If the transversal is perpendicular to the parallellines, all of the angles formed are congruent to 90o angles.
- A line which intersects two or more given lines at distinct points is called a transversal to the given lines.
- Lines in a plane are parallel if they do not intersect when produced indefinitely in either direction.
- The distance between two intersecting lines is zero.
- The distance between two parallel lines is the same everywhere and is equal to the perpendicular distance between them.
If two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal then:
- pairs of alternate (interior orexterior) angles are equal.
- pairs of corresponding angles are equal.
- interior angles onthe same sideof the transversal are supplementary.
6. If two non-parallel lines are intersected by transversal then none of (i), (ii) and (iii) hold true in 5. 7.
If two lines are intersected by a transversal, then they are parallel if any one of the following is true:
- The angles of a pair of corresponding angles are equal.
- The angles of a pairof alternate interior angles are equal.
- The angles of a pairof interior angles on the sameside of the transversal are supplementary.
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Mind Map Overal Idea Content Speed Notes Quick Coverage Content : (Scroll down till end of the page) Study Tools Audio, Visual & Digital Content Content … Key Terms Topic Terminology Term Important Tables Table: . Assessments Test Your Learning readmore
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Advanced Tools For Study Assess Interact Physical and Chemical Changes | Study
Mind Map Overal Idea Content Speed Notes Quick Coverage Changes can be of two types, physical and chemical. Physical changes are changes in the physical properties of substances. Due to physical chages new substances are not formed. Physical changes may be reversible. Examples: crushing a can, glowing of an electric bulb, tearing of paper, mixing readmore
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Changes can be of two types, physical and chemical.
Physical changes are changes in the physical properties of substances.
Due to physical chages new substances are not formed.
Physical changes may be reversible.
Examples: crushing a can, glowing of an electric bulb, tearing of paper, mixing of sand and water. (Scroll down till end of the page)
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Chemical Changes are changes in which the composition and chemical properties of the substance get changed.
In chemical changes new substances are produced. The most of the chemical changes are irreversible and permanent.
Note: Some chemical changes are reversible, known as reversible chemical changes.
Example: burning of a candle, formation of curd from milk, ripening of fruits.
Some Chemical Reactions in daily life:
Rusting of Iron: Rusting is the process in which iron turns into iron oxide.
It happens when iron comes into contact with water and oxygen. The process is a type of corrosion that occurs easily under natural conditions.
Prevention of Rusting:
- By Painting
- By Oiling and greasing
- By Chromium plating
- By Galvanizing
- By Alloying
Cooking of food: Cooking causes breakdown of complex molecules of carbohydrates, fats and proteins into smaller molecules.
It is regarded as a decomposition reaction.
Cooked food is easier to digest than uncooked food.
3. Decay of Organic Substances: Microorganisms like fungi and bacteria produce enzymes which break down complex organic compounds into smaller substances.
It is also regarded as a decomposition reaction.
Some substances can be obtained in pure state from their solutions by crystallization.
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